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目的探讨江阴地区支气管哮喘儿童皮肤过敏原的分布及临床意义。方法选用粉尘螨、屋尘螨等18种常见过敏原的标准化提取液对329例患支气管哮喘儿童进行皮肤点刺试验。结果过敏原点刺试验总阳性检出率为78.1%。其中吸入性过敏原阳性率77.2%,粉尘螨75.4%、屋尘螨72.6%、草花粉25.7%、狗毛19.2%、梧桐16.8%;食物性过敏原阳性率14.6%,其中蛋白6.0%,海虾3.3%、花生2.8%、黄鳝2.7%、牛奶2.5%;吸入性过敏原与食物性过敏原同时存在的占10.6%。结论在哮喘的治疗中必须重视过敏原的测试,并指导患者如何有效的避免暴露于过敏原环境中,有条件的可以接受特异性脱敏疗法,从而达到预防哮喘发作或减轻哮喘严重程度的目的。
Objective To investigate the distribution and clinical significance of skin allergens in children with bronchial asthma in Jiangyin area. Methods The standardized extracts of 18 common allergens such as dust mites and house dust mites were used to test skin prick tests on 329 children with bronchial asthma. Results The total positive detection rate of allergen prick test was 78.1%. The positive rate of allergens was 77.2%, dust mite 75.4%, house dust mite 72.6%, grass pollen 25.7%, dog hair 19.2%, Indus 16.8%; food allergy positive rate 14.6%, protein 6.0%, the sea Shrimp 3.3%, peanut 2.8%, eel 2.7%, milk 2.5%; inhaled allergens and food allergens co-exist 10.6%. Conclusions In the treatment of asthma, we must pay attention to the test of allergen, and guide the patient how to effectively avoid the exposure to the allergen environment, the conditional acceptance of specific desensitization therapy, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing asthma attack or reducing the severity of asthma .