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着重介绍美国NASA近年来在对先进制导与控制技术在载人航天重要性的认识过程,提出其所具有的特征,及利用该技术可能取得的在提高航天任务安全性和降低成本方面经典技术无法做到的优越性。最后以载人飞船在探月返回地球时进行跳跃式再入大气层飞行的制导任务为例,用Monte Carlo仿真结果表明,现有的“阿波罗”跳跃式再入制导算法无法满足精度要求,而先进预测-矫正跳跃式再入制导算法具有更广的自适应性,大大提高了着陆的精确性和安全完成任务的可靠性。
In the recent years, the NASA of the United States focused on the recognition of the importance of advanced guidance and control technology in manned spaceflight and put forward its own characteristics and the possible use of this technology for classical techniques that can be achieved in enhancing the safety and cost reduction of space missions Achieve superiority. Finally, taking the guided mission of the manned spacecraft reentrying into atmosphere while jumping back to Earth as an example, Monte Carlo simulation results show that the existing “Apollo” skip reentry guidance algorithm can not meet the accuracy requirements , While the advanced prediction - correction skip reentry guidance algorithm has a wider adaptability, greatly improving the landing accuracy and safety to complete the task of reliability.