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一、早期的主要思想学派社会学的创始者把几十年的时间差不多完全用来为他们的新学科寻找方向。在努力探索的过程中,他们尝试了几种根本不同的途径。有的是从其他学科的方法和内容得到启发,而另外一些则完全是凭学者的想象创造出来的。1、社会达尔文主义和进化论达尔文的进化论无疑为人类行为科学提供了一种能在学术上受到推崇的方法。一大批有创造性的思想家,如斯宾塞、基德、摩根、泰勒、霍布豪斯等人,进一步把生物有机体类推到人类社会,并把变异、自然选择
First, the main ideas of the early school of thought The founder of sociology decades and almost completely used to find direction for their new discipline. In trying to explore, they tried several fundamentally different ways. Some are inspired by the methods and contents of other disciplines, while others are entirely based on the scholar’s imagination. 1. Social Darwinism and Evolution Darwin’s theory of evolution undoubtedly provides a highly respected methodology for human behavior science. A large number of creative thinkers, such as Spencer, Kidd, Morgan, Taylor, Hobhouse and others, have further pushed biological organisms into human society and changed variation and natural selection