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罗马共和良好的混合宪法是罗马崛起为超级大国的原因之一。它首先是机关混合宪法,塑造了执政官、元老院、公民大会三者间权力的制衡关系。其次是功能混合宪法,在贵族与平民的阶级斗争及其妥协成果的基础上塑造阶级分权,让贵族阶级成为积极权力的行使者,让平民阶级选举的保民官主要成为消极权力的行使者,两种权力间形成制衡。最后是状态混合宪法,它由调整平时状态和紧急状态的不同法律规则构成。紧急状态包括独裁制和元老院最后决议两种前后接续的类型,前者主要应对外患,后者主要应对内乱。罗马共和的这些宪法制度对后世产生了深远影响。
One of the reasons for the rise of Rome as a superpower is one of the reasons why the good hybrid constitution of the Roman Republic is one. First of all, it is a mechanism that mixes the constitution and shapes the checks and balances of power among the chief rulers, the senate and the citizen assembly. Second, it is a mixed constitution of functions. On the basis of the class struggle between aristocrats and civilians and their compromise achievements, it shapes the decentralization of classes so that the aristocrats become the agents of positive power and the bailiffs officers of the civilian-class elections are mainly the agents of negative power , The balance between the two powers. Finally, the state-mixed constitution consists of different legal rules that regulate peacetime and emergency situations. The state of emergency includes two successive types, the dictatorship and the final resolution of the senate. The former mainly deals with foreign aggression and the latter mainly deals with civil strife. These constitutional systems of the Roman Republic have a profound impact on future generations.