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目的了解普兰店市猩红热流行特征,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析普兰店市2007~2014年猩红热疫情的三间分布。结果 2007~2014年普兰店市共报告猩红热病人265例,年均发病率为3.04/10万。不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男女性别比为1.35∶1。发病年龄集中在3~10岁,占发病总数的84.15%(223例);4~5岁占发病总数31.70%(84例)。幼托儿童、散居儿童、学生分别占发病总数的48.68%(129例)、18.11%(48例)、31.70%(84例)。猩红热呈双峰型,高峰在5~7月(发病91例、占总发病数34.34%)和11月至次年1月(发病90例、占总发病数33.96%)。结论普兰店市学龄前儿童和小学生是猩红热防控的重点人群,春末夏初和秋末冬初是重点防控季节。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Pulandian and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the three distributions of scarlet fever in Pulandian from 2007 to 2014. Results A total of 265 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Pulandian City from 2007 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 3.04 / 100,000. The incidence of different years was statistically significant (P <0.01). The male / female ratio is 1.35: 1. The age of onset concentrated in 3 to 10 years old, accounting for 84.15% of the total number of cases (223 cases); 4 to 5 years old accounted for 31.70% of the total number of cases (84 cases). Preschool child, scattered children and students accounted for 48.68% (129 cases), 18.11% (48 cases) and 31.70% (84 cases) respectively. Scarlet fever was bimodal, the peak in May to July (91 cases of onset, the total incidence of 34.34%) and November to January next year (90 cases, the total incidence of 33.96%). Conclusion Preschool children and primary school students in Pulandian are the key population for the prevention and control of scarlet fever. Spring and early summer and early autumn and early winter are the key prevention and control season.