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通过对湖北B村的考察发现:区域层面,社会化养老发展不足;社区层面,基础设施建设不到位;组织层面,农村社区组织在老年人照顾问题上存在“识盲”;家庭层面,家庭对老年人的照顾功能弱化;个人层面,存在着老年人的消极自我认知与身体病态化等问题。农村老年人照顾之所以问题化,与当前的城镇化进程息息相关。对此,可以引入社区为本的社会工作实践模式,通过整合性的社会工作介入手法,综合利用社会工作的个案、小组与社区工作等方法,从物质环境和人文环境两个维度,推动农村老年友好社区建设。
Through the investigation of village B in Hubei Province, it is found that there is not enough development of social care for the elderly on the regional level, and inadequate infrastructure construction on the community level. At the organizational level, the rural community organizations have “blindness” on the care of the elderly. At the family level, Family care function for the elderly is weakened; on the individual level, there are some problems such as the negative self-awareness and the diseased body of the elderly. The problem of caring for the elderly in rural areas is closely related to the current process of urbanization. In this regard, community-based social work practices can be introduced to promote rural elders in both the physical and cultural contexts through integrated approaches to social work, comprehensive use of social work cases, team work and community work Friendly community building.