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目的描述2002年调查样本人群中肿瘤、心脑血管疾病二级预防措施(血压、血脂、乳腺和宫颈细胞的定期检测)情况。方法使用8个指标,利用2002年普查人口进行加权计算不同类别人群高血压、高血脂对健康的影响,对目标人群定期每年测量血压、血脂及临床乳腺检查和宫颈细胞涂片检查的情况。结果调查人群对高血压、高血脂对健康影响的正确认识比例很低,仅占22%和5%。虽然知道应该定期测量血压、血脂,但实际得到测量的比例低于人们的认识。对乳腺癌筛查的目标人群应该是50岁以上人群,但是不同年龄女性乳腺临床检查的比例显示,50岁以上女性临床乳腺检查的比例低于年轻女性。结果还显示教育水平高、白领阶层、东部地区人群接受这些筛查试验的比例高于教育水平低、蓝领阶层以及在西部地区的人群。同时是否享受医疗保险,以及享受的医疗保险类别都与调查人群得到的二级预防服务的比例有关。结论筛查是重要的二级预防措施,在降低疾病的严重性和并发症方面有重要的作用,通过对样本人群接受四类筛查的现状描述,表明除血压测量外,接受筛查的比例都不高,不同地区、教育、职业和享受医疗保险的类别的人群,在接受筛查的比例有明显的差异。其次调查还显示有关筛查的目标人群定位不清,需要改进筛查政策,以指导筛查工作的执行。
Objective To describe secondary prevention measures of tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (blood pressure, blood lipids, regular detection of breast and cervical cells) in the 2002 sample population. Methods Eight indicators were used to calculate the effects of hypertension and hyperlipidemia on the health of different categories of population by using the 2002 census population. Blood pressure, blood lipids, clinical breast examination and cervical smears were regularly measured in the target population. Results The proportion of correct understanding of the health effects of hypertension and hyperlipemia among the surveyed population was very low, accounting for only 22% and 5%. Although we should regularly measure blood pressure, blood lipids, but the actual measurement of the proportion lower than people’s understanding. The target population for breast cancer screening should be people over 50 years of age, but the proportion of women undergoing breast screening at different ages shows that the proportion of women with clinical mammography over the age of 50 is lower than younger women. The results also showed a high level of education. White-collar workers and eastern people were more likely to receive these screening tests than those with low education levels, blue-collar workers and people in the western region. At the same time whether to enjoy medical insurance, as well as enjoy the type of medical insurance are related to the proportion of secondary prevention services obtained by the survey population. Conclusion Screening is an important secondary prevention measure and plays an important role in reducing the severity and complications of the disease. By describing the status quo of the four groups of patients undergoing screening, it shows that apart from blood pressure measurement, the proportion of patients undergoing screening There is a clear difference in the proportion of people who are not high, in different regions, in education, in occupation and in the category of medical insurance. Second, the survey also showed that the target population for screening is not clear, and screening policies need to be improved to guide the implementation of the screening.