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垃圾焚烧烟气中的飞灰在焚烧炉过热器区域结渣,可能导致焚烧炉停机,影响焚烧发电的经济性。为探索焚烧炉受热面结渣机制,采用燃油产生的烟气和工业焚烧炉的飞灰混合模拟垃圾焚烧烟气,研究了过热器的运行工况、温度、布置形式、几何尺寸等对结渣过程的影响。利用扫描电镜/能谱分析、X射线荧光分析和X射线衍射等方法分析了渣的成分与物相。结果表明:高温烟气有利于渣块的形成,在实验过程中当温度高于450℃时,开始形成黏结性积灰,当温度高于460℃时,受热面开始结渣。管子壁面温度对结渣有直接影响,降低管壁温度可以抑制结渣过程。几何因素(管径)对结渣影响较大,直径较小的管子更容易结渣。另外,含有低熔点、高黏结性物质较多的颗粒更容易沉积形成结渣。渣中主要物相为:Ca2SiO4、Ca9(Al6O18)、Ca2Al(AlSiO7)、Fe2O3。低熔点化合物如KCl、CaCl2在结渣的初始层起到了黏合剂的作用。几何因素、温度对结渣过程的影响与实际垃圾焚烧炉改造和运行状况吻合。
Waste incineration Flue gas from flue gas slagging in the superheater area of the incinerator may shut down the incinerator and affect the economy of incineration power generation. In order to explore the slagging mechanism of the heating surface of incinerator, flue gas from fuel oil and fly ash from industrial incinerator were used to simulate the incineration of flue gas. The operating conditions, temperature, layout, geometry and so on of superheater were studied. The impact of the process. The composition and phase of slag were analyzed by SEM / EDS, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The results show that high temperature flue gas is favorable to the formation of clinker, and the cohesive fouling begins to form when the temperature is higher than 450 ℃ during the experiment. When the temperature is higher than 460 ℃, the heated surface starts to slagging. Tube wall temperature has a direct impact on slagging, reducing the wall temperature can inhibit the slagging process. Geometric factors (diameter) have a greater impact on the slagging, smaller diameter pipe easier slagging. In addition, particles containing low melting point and high cohesive material are more likely to deposit and form slagging. The main phase of slag is: Ca2SiO4, Ca9 (Al6O18), Ca2Al (AlSiO7), Fe2O3. Low-melting compounds such as KCl, CaCl2 in the initial layer of slagging played the role of binder. Geometric factors, the impact of temperature on the slagging process and the actual garbage incinerator transformation and operational status.