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土地财政作为地方政府的经济行为,与经济增长的关系密不可分。土地财政是否有益于经济增长以及土地财政如何影响经济增长是近年来常常被人们关注的话题。本文在新古典经济增长理论的框架下,将经济体划分为马尔萨斯部门和索洛部门,并在模型中考虑土地财政的因素,通过对经济增长模型的数理推导,得出土地财政会促进经济增长的结论。根据数理模型的推导结果,土地财政促进经济增长主要通过促使劳动力从马尔萨斯部门转移至索洛部门实现。针对上述推论,本文通过对30个省份2004-2013年的面板数据进行实证检验,证实土地财政的确促进了中国经济增长,同时发现地方政府征用农用地转作商用的做法会反向拉动经济增长,提高土地出让金的做法对经济增长的促进作用更为直接,由土地财政导致的劳动力从马尔萨斯部门转移至索洛部门的结果对经济增长亦有贡献。
Land finance, as the economic behavior of local governments, is inextricably linked with the economic growth. Whether the land finance can benefit the economic growth and how the land finance affects the economic growth are the topics that people often pay attention to in recent years. Under the framework of neoclassical economic growth theory, the paper divides the economy into Malthus and Solo departments, and considers the factors of land finance in the model. Through the mathematical derivation of the economic growth model, we conclude that land finance will promote economic growth Conclusion. According to the deduction results of the mathematical model, land finance to promote economic growth mainly through the transfer of labor force from the Malthus sector to the Solow sector. In the light of the above inference, this paper empirically tests panel data from 2004 to 2013 in 30 provinces and confirms that land finance did promote China’s economic growth. At the same time, it was found that local government’s acquisition of agricultural land into commercial use would reverse economic growth. The promotion of land transfer payments is more direct for economic growth. The transfer of labor from the Malthusian sector to the Solow sector resulting from land finance also contributes to economic growth.