Background Cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP),an important regulatory factor in reverse cholesterol transport,has been investigated in relation to plasma HDL cholesterol,which is associated with restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA)and stent implantation.We examined the effect of plasma CETP activity and the Taq1B polymorphism on restenosis in Chinese Han population.Methods and Results Our study included 228 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease(CAD).The genotype of the subjects for Taq1B polymorphism of CETP was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).In-stent restenosis(ISR)was observed in 93 patients(40.8 %).Baseline clinical,angiographic,and procedural characteristics data were not significantly different in patients with and without restenosis,except previous history of myocardial infarction(MI),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),statin medication,and stent type.Taq1B polymorphism and plasma activity of CETP were not associated with the incidence of ISR(P = 0.68,P = 0.30,respectively).Linear regression analysis revealed that the risk of ISR was statistically significant correlation with stent type,LVEF,statin medication,and lesion length(P < 0.05).Conclusions Useful markers for risk of ISR were stent type,LVEF,statin medication and lesion length but not the Taq1B polymorphism and plasma activity of CETP.[S Chin J Cardiol 2011;12(3):187-196] Background Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), an important regulatory factor in reverse cholesterol transport, has been investigated in plasma to HDL cholesterol, which is associated with restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stent implantation. We examined the effect of plasma CETP activity and the Taq1B polymorphism on restenosis in Chinese Han population. Methods and Results Our study included 228 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). The genotype of the subjects for Taq1B polymorphism of CETP was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction Baseline clinical, angiographic, and procedural characteristics data were not significantly different in patients with and without restenosis, except previous history of myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), statin treatment, and stent type. Taq1B pol Lorphine and plasma activity of CETP were not associated with the incidence of ISR (P = 0.68, P = 0.30, respectively) .Linear regression analysis revealed that the risk of ISR was similarly significant correlation with stent type, LVEF, statin and lesion length (P <0.05) .Conclusions Useful markers for risk of ISR were stent type, LVEF, statin treatment and lesion length but not the Taq1B polymorphism and plasma activity of CETP. [S Chin J Cardiol 2011; 12 (3): 187- 196]