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目的了解安徽省1999～2011年流行的风疹病毒基因型别和特征,为预防和控制风疹提供分子流行病学基线数据。方法使用非洲绿猴肾细胞(VeroCell)或Vero/淋巴信号激活因子转染的非洲绿猴肾细胞[Vero Cell Transfected to Express the Human Singaling Lymphacyte Actiration Molecule(SLAM)],从1999～2011年疑似风疹病例采集的咽拭子标本中分离风疹病毒,使用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)对分离到的风疹病毒进行E1基因的1107个核苷酸片段扩增,并对其PCR产物进行序列测定和分析。结果从采集的145份疑似风疹病例咽拭子标本中,共分离到72株风疹病毒(分布在10个设区的市),基于世界卫生组织分子流行病学研究的靶基因序列(739个核苷酸片段)的基因亲缘性关系分析显示,72株风疹病毒分属三个基因型:1E(62株)、1F(8株)和2B(2株)。lF基因型风疹病毒分离于1999年和2000年,2B基因型风疹病毒仅在2000年分离到,之后未再检测到这两个基因型风疹病毒。1E基因型风疹病毒于2001年在安徽省首次检测到,随后陆续在7个市监测到,安徽省2001～2011年流行的IE基因型风疹病毒,在基因亲缘性关系树上存在多个不同的分支。72株风疹病毒大部分核苷酸的突变为无义突变,氨基酸序列高度保守,除8株在个别重要位点发生变异外,其余毒株的重要位点均未发生改变。结论安徽省在2001/2002年发生了风疹病毒1E与1F的基因型更替,近年风疹的流行是由IE基因型风疹病毒的多个传播链引起的,且不同传播链的1E基因型风疹病毒在各市持续传播。
Objective To understand the genotypes and characteristics of rubella virus from 1999 to 2011 in Anhui Province and to provide molecular epidemiological baseline data for the prevention and control of rubella. Methods Vero Cell Transfected to Express the Human Singaling Lymphacyte Actiration Molecule (SLAM) was transfected with VeroCell or Vero / Lymphocyte Activator. From 1999 to 2011, suspected cases of rubella Rubella virus was isolated from the collected throat swab specimens, and 1107 nucleotides of the E1 gene were amplified from the rubella virus by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. Results Thirteen rubella viruses were isolated from 145 throat swabs in suspected cases of rubella (distributed in 10 districts). Based on the WHO molecular epidemiology target gene sequences (739 nuclei The results showed that 72 strains of rubella belonged to three genotypes: 1E (62 strains), 1F (8 strains) and 2B (2 strains). The lF genotype rubella virus was isolated in 1999 and 2000 and the genotype 2B rubella virus was isolated only in 2000, after which no two genotypes of rubella virus were detected. 1E genotype rubella virus was detected in Anhui Province for the first time in 2001. Subsequently, it was successively detected in 7 cities that the IE genotype rubella virus prevailing in Anhui Province from 2001 to 2011 had a number of different gene-related relationship trees Branch. Most of the 72 rubella virus nucleotide mutations were nonsense mutations, and the amino acid sequences were highly conserved. All 8 important isolates remained unchanged at some important sites. Conclusion The genotype alteration of rubella virus 1E and 1F occurred in Anhui Province in 2001/2002. In recent years, the prevalence of rubella was caused by multiple transmission chains of IE genotype rubella virus, and the 1E genotype rubella virus Cities continue to spread.