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目的了解医院重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染病原菌分布特征及耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法通过回顾性调查,对该医院ICU 2012年度住院病人医院感染病原学标本检测结果进行了调查。结果从该医院ICU全年住院患者感染标本中共分离出病原菌694株,革兰阴性杆菌占86.89%,革兰阳性球菌占13.11%。分离的革兰阴性杆菌中,鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌分居前4位;革兰阳性菌中,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌。革兰阴性杆菌耐药率普遍较高,尤以鲍曼不动杆菌更甚;金黄色葡萄球菌对β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类及喹诺酮类等耐药率较高。结论该医院ICU住院患者医院感染的病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌,且耐药严重,调查结果为合理选用抗菌药物提供了可靠依据。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of nosocomial pathogenic bacteria in hospital intensive care unit (ICU), so as to provide basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods The retrospective investigation of the hospital ICU 2012 inpatient hospital infection etiology specimens were investigated. Results Sixty-four pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the inpatients infected with ICU in the hospital. Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 86.89% and Gram-positive cocci accounted for 13.11%. Isolated Gram-negative bacilli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli in the top four; Gram-positive bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus. Gram-negative bacilli generally high rates of drug resistance, especially Acinetobacter baumannii more; Staphylococcus aureus β-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides and quinolones higher resistance rates . Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria in nosocomial infection of ICU patients in hospital are Gram-negative bacilli, and the drug resistance is serious. The findings provide a reliable basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents.