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反乌托邦文学对于俄罗斯有着特别的含义,这里曾建立过人类社会理想的“桃花源”。在布尔什维克政权确立之初,作家扎米亚京以其反乌托邦作品《我们》,在20世纪世界文坛掀起了一阵反乌托邦文学热潮,被誉为苏联社会的政治预言家。时隔近一个世纪,开始创作于戈尔巴乔夫改革时代并延续至2000年,当代女作家塔吉亚娜·托尔斯泰娅的《野猫精》历经14年最终问世。处于历史大转折时期,两部作品创作体裁相同、作品内容各异,但反映的历史问题和社会现象却极其相似,以形象化语言表达了俄罗斯的历史宿命,使我们更加深入了解俄罗斯知识分子这一特殊群体面对社会重大变革所肩负的责任。
The literature of dystopia has a special meaning for Russia. Here we have established the ideal of “peach blossom” for human society. At the very beginning of the establishment of the Bolshevik regime, author Zamiajang, with his dystopian work “Us”, set off a wave of dystopian literature in the world literary world in the 20th century and was praised as the political prophet of the Soviet society. After a lapse of nearly a century, began writing in Gorbachev’s era of reform and continued until 2000, the contemporary female writer Tagliana Tolstoy’s “Wildcat” finally come out after 14 years. In the historical turning point, the two works have the same style of creation and different contents, but the historical issues and social phenomena reflected are extremely similar. They vividly convey the historical destiny of Russia in figurative language and enable us to have a deeper understanding of Russian intellectuals. A special group faces the responsibility of major social changes.