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〔目的〕了解大连口岸蚊虫种类、生态习性及淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊自然感染流行性乙型脑炎病毒情况。〔方法〕用帐诱法、灯诱法、采集幼虫等方法进行调查,并应用逆转录-聚合酶联反应技术(RT-PCR)进行乙脑病毒鉴定。〔结果〕大连口岸捕获蚊虫3属9种,其中按蚊属1种,伊蚊属4种,库蚊属4种。大连口岸蚊虫于5月出现,8月达到高峰,9月逐渐减少,10月消失。侵袭人类以淡色库蚊(占47.98%)、东乡伊蚊(占12.15%)和背点伊蚊(占10.41%)为多。不同场所蚊虫密度差异反映出蚊虫的不同嗜血习性,淡色库蚊、凶小库蚊和白纹伊蚊喜嗜人血;淡色库蚊同时喜嗜猪、牛血;三带喙库蚊偏嗜猪血;中华按蚊偏嗜牛血;背点伊蚊和刺扰伊蚊偏嗜猪、牛血。2007年8月中旬首先在三带喙库蚊中检出乙脑病毒,共检测70批次样本,阳性率为4.28%。〔结论〕淡色库蚊、东乡伊蚊、背点伊蚊是该地区危害人类的主要蚊种。大连口岸蚊虫自然感染乙脑病毒于8月中下旬开始,三带喙库蚊首先染毒。本调查为蚊虫防制提供了生态学依据,为预报流行性乙型脑炎的发生时间和流行强度提供了科学依据。
[Objective] To understand the mosquito species, ecological habits and Culex pipiens pallens in Dalian port and the natural infection of Japanese encephalitis virus with Culex. [Method] The methods of entrapment, light induction and larvae collection were used for investigation. JE virus identification was performed by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR). [Result] Nine species of 3 genera were captured in Dalian Port, of which 1 were Anopheles, 4 were Aedes, 4 were Culex. Mosquitoes from Dalian Port appeared in May, peaked in August, decreased gradually in September and disappeared in October. Infectious humans were mostly Culex pipiens pallensatis (47.98%), Aedes aloe (12.15%) and Aedes aegypti (10.41%). The differences of mosquito density in different places reflected the different haematological habits of mosquitoes, Culex pipiens pallens, Cucurbita moschata and Aedes albopictus hi human blood; Culex pipiens pallets at the same time hi add pig, bovine blood; Pig blood; Anopheles sinensis partial Necropsy; Aedes albopictus and Gallbladder preference partial pig, bovine blood. In the middle of August, 2007, JE virus was detected in Culex tritaeniorhynchus in a total of 70 samples, the positive rate was 4.28%. [Conclusion] Culex pipiens pallens, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are the main mosquito species which endanger human in the area. Dalian port mosquitoes naturally infected with JE virus in mid to late August, Culex tritaeniorhynchus first exposure. The survey provides ecological basis for mosquito control and provides a scientific basis for forecasting the occurrence time and epidemic intensity of Japanese encephalitis.