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肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的耐药性是癌症化疗中的主要障碍，人类多药耐药基因的过量表达是耐药的主要原因。该基因编码的Ｐ－糖蛋白（Ｐ－Ｇｐ）具有能量依赖的跨膜外排泵功能，可以降低细胞毒物在胞内的蓄积。利用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＫ）技术定量分析了５４例大肠癌病人多药耐药基因（ＭＤＲ１）表达水平，探讨其与临床化疗的相关性。初步检测结果表明，大肠癌化疗疗效与ＭＤＲ１的表达水平有关，未经化疗的病人ＭＤＲ１呈低水平表达（＜０．５）；化疗后的病人ＭＤＲ１均呈高水平表达（＞０．５），而且随着化疗疗程的增加ＭＤＲ１的表达水平有增加的趋势（０．５～０．９７）。化疗前后ＭＤＲ１的表达水平具有极显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）；同时还发现同一病理类型分化程度不同的癌肿ＭＤＲ１的表达水平也不同，高分化腺癌要明显高于中、低分化腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０１）。
The resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. The overexpression of human multidrug resistance genes is the main reason for drug resistance. The P-glycoprotein (P-Gp) encoded by this gene has an energy-dependent transmembrane efflux pump function, which can reduce the intracellular accumulation of cytotoxic substances. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCK) technique was used to quantitatively analyze the expression of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) in 54 patients with colorectal cancer, and to explore its correlation with clinical chemotherapy. The preliminary results showed that the efficacy of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer was related to the expression level of MDR1. The expression of MDR1 in patients without chemotherapy was low (<0.5), and the expression of MDR1 in patients after chemotherapy was high (>0.5). Moreover, as the course of chemotherapy increases, the expression level of MDR1 has an increasing trend (0.5 to 0.97). There was a significant difference in the expression level of MDR1 before and after chemotherapy (P<0.001). It was also found that the expression levels of MDR1 in different cancers of the same pathological type were also different. Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than moderate and poorly differentiated. Adenocarcinoma (P<0.01).