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采用熔融共混法制备了nano-ZnO/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,研究了相容剂聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-gMAH)的加入对nano-ZnO/PP复合材料的成核结晶行为、晶体结构、结晶形态以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,低添加量(质量分数小于5%)的nano-ZnO对PP有较好的β晶成核效应,而当其质量分数大于5%时,nano-ZnO对PP结晶有明显的异相成核作用,使PP结晶温度大幅度提高,PP结晶在(040)晶面呈现生长择优性;PP-gMAH的加入增强了nano-ZnO粒子与PP基体之间的界面相互作用,改善了纳米粒子的分散性,促进了PP基体的异相成核,提高了nano-ZnO/PP复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度,但却抑制了nano-ZnO诱导PP生成β晶。nano-ZnO/PP复合材料体系中因界面相互作用改善所致的韧性提高明显强于nano-ZnO诱导PP形成β晶的增韧效应。
The nano-ZnO / polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by melt blending method. The nucleation and crystallization of nano-ZnO / PP composites were studied by adding PP-gMAH Behavior, crystal structure, crystal morphology and mechanical properties. The results showed that nano-ZnO with low addition (mass fraction less than 5%) had better β-nucleation effect on PP. When its mass fraction was more than 5%, nano- Nucleation, the PP crystallization temperature increased significantly, PP crystal growth in the (040) crystal plane showed preponderance; PP-gMAH addition enhanced nano-ZnO particles and PP matrix interaction between the interface to improve the nano-particles , Promoted the heterogeneous nucleation of PP matrix and improved the tensile strength and impact strength of nano-ZnO / PP composites, but inhibited the β-crystal induced by nano-ZnO. The improvement of toughness caused by the improvement of interface interaction in nano-ZnO / PP composites system is obviously stronger than the toughening effect of nano-ZnO induced PP formation β crystal.