一、前言宇航工业的迅速发展,对结构材料的比强度提出了更高的要求,也极大地促进了超高强度钢的飞速发展。目前,世界各国在宇航工业的重要受力构件上都广泛地采用了超高强度钢或高强度钛合金。在不锈钢范畴内,冷轧奥氏体不锈钢、马氏体不锈钢、半奥氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢等均已进入了超高强度钢的行列,并在宇航结构上得到了应用。六十年代以来,对马氏体时效不锈铜的研制也取得了卓越的成果。由于半奥氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢具有良好的抗大气腐蚀能力、良好的加工成形性能及其优良的中温和室温强度,同时也不含稀缺 I. Introduction The rapid development of the aerospace industry has put forward higher requirements on the specific strength of structural materials and greatly promoted the rapid development of ultra-high-strength steels. At present, all countries in the world have adopted ultra-high-strength steel or high-strength titanium alloy widely on the important force components of the aerospace industry. In the field of stainless steel, cold rolled austenitic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, semi austenitic precipitation hardened stainless steel, etc. have entered the ranks of ultra-high-strength steel, and has been applied in the aerospace structure. Since the 1960s, remarkable achievements have also been made in the development of martensitic stainless steel. As semi-austenitic precipitation hardened stainless steel has good resistance to atmospheric corrosion, good formability and its excellent temperature and room temperature strength, but also does not contain scarcity