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危险性评价(risk assessment)是一个简单的概念,它是识别工作场所存在什么危害(hazards),评价这些危害引起人身伤害(harm)可能性的一个过程,其目的是为了确定并提出相应的预防和控制措施。危险度管理是用于建立危险与管理之间的相互联系,依据危险性水平,确定能够减少伤害的相应控制措施,使其持续改进成为可能的一个管理过程。为了预防或控制环境(或职业)危害,美国国家研究委员会(NRC)于1983年在1份文件中提出了危险性评价和危险度管理理论。自此,欧洲的一些国家和美国、澳大利亚、新加坡等国针对工作场所的职业危害问题,相应建立了有关工作场所的危险性评价和管理方面的应用指南,形成了工作场所危险性评价与管理的系统模式。
Risk assessment is a simple concept that is a process of identifying what hazards are present in the workplace and of assessing the likelihood of these hazards causing harm. The purpose is to identify and propose appropriate prevention And control measures. Risk management is a management process used to establish the interlinkages between hazards and management, and to identify the appropriate controls that reduce harm, based on their level of risk, to enable them to continually improve. To prevent or control environmental (or occupational) hazards, the National Research Council (NRC) put forward a theory of risk assessment and risk management in a document in 1983. Since then, a number of European countries and the United States, Australia, Singapore and other countries on the occupational hazards of the workplace, the corresponding establishment of the workplace risk assessment and management application guidelines, the formation of the workplace risk assessment and management System mode.