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现在推求小流域设计洪水过程线的方法,多采用三角形法、梯形法及典型模型缩放法等。这些方法不便于用常用的数学形式表示,而参数又不能按流域的特性指标确定,灵活性比较大。本文提出一种比较固定的计算小流域设汁洪水过程线的方法。这个方法是根据暴雨洪水形成的基本概念,将一场洪水割去表层流求得地表流过程,并以正弦型曲线表示。这个数学模型通过四川24条中小河流300多场洪水验证基本符合实际。模型中的参数是根据分析其中较大洪水按流域特性综合的,使用方便,不会因人而异,便于非专业水文人员使用。
At present, the method of deducing the design flood course of small watersheds uses the triangle method, the trapezoidal method and the typical model scaling method. These methods are not easy to use the commonly used mathematical form, and the parameters can not be determined according to the characteristics of the basin index, the flexibility is relatively large. This paper presents a relatively fixed method for calculating the course of a set flood watershed. This method is based on the basic concept of storm flood formation, a flood cut surface flow obtained surface flow process, and the sine curve. This mathematic model basically verified by more than 300 floods of 24 small and medium-sized rivers in Sichuan province. The parameters in the model are based on the analysis of the large floods which are integrated according to the characteristics of the river basin. The parameters are easy to use and will not vary from person to person, so it is convenient for non-professional hydrological personnel to use.