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采用双连续孔道结构的多孔材料如:二氧化硅,二氧化钛以及他们组成的复合材料可以吸附重金属、放射性废液中的污染物。通过溶胶凝胶法结合分相法制备出具有双连续孔道和高孔容的SiO_2气凝胶,并以全氟磺酸树脂(Perfluorosulfonated Resin,简称PSR)为载体及改性剂,将无机多孔材料与全氟磺酸树脂(Nafion)溶液复合,通过流延法成膜,实现对金属离子物理吸附和离子交换的双重作用。吸附过程采用铈作为放射性核素钚元素的模拟元素,研究了SiO_2气凝胶/全氟磺酸树脂复合薄膜对铈的吸附性能。结果发现SiO_2气凝胶质量分数为15%时,复合膜性能达到最佳,吸附10h后,87.67%的核素被吸附于薄膜中,从而为高放废液的处理提供一条新的技术途径。
Porous materials with bicontinuous cell structure such as silica, titania and their composites can adsorb pollutants from heavy metals and radioactive effluents. SiO 2 airgel with double continuous pores and high pore volume was prepared by sol-gel method and phase separation method. Perfluorosulfonated resin (PSR) as carrier and modifier, Fluorosulfonic acid resin (Nafion) solution composite, the film by casting method to achieve the physical adsorption of metal ions and ion exchange dual role. Adsorption process using cerium as a radionuclide element plutonium simulation elements, the SiO 2 aerogels / perfluorosulfonic acid resin composite film on the adsorption performance of cerium. The results showed that when the mass fraction of SiO_2 airgel was 15%, the performance of the composite membrane reached the best. After adsorption for 10h, 87.67% of the radionuclides were adsorbed on the membrane, which provided a new technical approach for the treatment of HLW.