小儿高热是基层卫生院医生、护士最常遇到的小儿急症之一,因为小儿的中枢性神经系统调节功能差,皮肤汗腺发育还不完善,体温调节功能很差,非常容易发热[1]。发热不是一种疾病,而是许多疾病的一个共同表现。引起发热的疾病很多,归纳起来有二大类,一类是由病毒、细菌、霉菌等致病微生物和寄生虫等入侵、感染引起的,诸如感冒、扁桃体炎、中耳炎、伤寒、痢疾等。另一类是非感染疾病,如 Pediatric hyperthermia is one of the most commonly encountered pediatric emergency of doctors and nurses in primary hospitals. Because pediatric central nervous system dysfunction, skin sweat gland development is not perfect, body temperature regulating function is poor, very easy to fever [1]. Fever is not a disease, but a common manifestation of many diseases. A lot of diseases that cause fever, there are two categories, one is caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and other pathogenic microorganisms and parasites invasion, caused by infections such as cold, tonsillitis, otitis media, typhoid, dysentery and so on. The other is non-infectious diseases, such as