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针对学界关于“吗”的属性之争、功能之争和羡余之争,本文首先运用语气词界定标准进一步明确“吗”是具有一定句法功能的疑问语气词,而非语法化程度最高的语气词。其次,依据语气词的功能模式,将“吗”的功能概括为[+构成非典型是非问句][+怀疑][+询问+求答]。最后依据情态二分模式和双标句符假设提出,升调是句子的强制性第一标句符,优先赋以句子[+怀疑]和[+询问求证]语气;“吗”是可选性第二标句符,仅在语调之上赋以[+求答]语气,其[+怀疑]和[+询问]功能自动隐去,同时语调的[+求证]功能也自动隐去,因而不存在羡余问题。
In the light of the debate about the property rights, the battle for function and the scarcity in academic circles, this paper firstly uses the definition of the modal particle to further clarify the meaning of “you”, which is the interrogative modal particle with some syntactic functions rather than grammaticalization The highest degree of tone of the word. Secondly, according to the modalities of the modal particles, the function of “? ” Can be summarized as [+ constitute atypical nonquative] [+ doubt] [+ query + answer]. Finally, according to the modal dichotomy and double-hypnothesis, it is proposed that the ascending is the obligatory first-punctuation of the sentence, giving priority to sentences [+ suspicion] and [+ querying for confirmation] tone; Sex second punctuation marks, with [+ Q & A] tone only above the intonation, the functions of [+ Doubt] and [+ Querying] are automatically hidden, and the [+ Verification] function of the intonation is automatically hidden, thus There is no envy problem.