COPD患者的临床表现,从轻度的喘鸣和呼吸困难至重度低氧血症和肺心病无所不有.这些表现是不同程度的气道阻塞和粘液过度分泌所造成的直接和间接的结果.尽管如表1所示,根据COPD的临床表现,可以鉴别出哮喘、慢性支气管炎和肺气肿,然而因这三种疾病的临床特征有明显的重叠,所以对某一患者准确地进行分类常有困难.因此有时从诊断和治疗两方面来观察属于COPD范畴的患者常常更有帮助.例如,按照某一患者的主要临床表现,并着重查找其发病因素, The clinical manifestations of COPD patients ranging from mild wheezing and dyspnea to severe hypoxemia and pulmonary heart disease are the direct and indirect consequences of varying degrees of airway obstruction and mucus hypersecretion Although asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema were identified on the basis of the clinical manifestations of COPD, as shown in Table 1, the exact classification of the clinical features of the three diseases clearly led to the classification of a patient Often difficult.So sometimes in both diagnosis and treatment of patients belonging to the scope of COPD is often more helpful.For example, according to the main clinical manifestations of a patient and focus on finding the cause of the disease,