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以贵州清镇市王家寨小流域为例,借助3S技术建立研究区土地利用与石漠化空间数据库,摸清不同等级石漠化分布的土地利用方式,结合经济社会和人地矛盾分析,揭示导致石漠化的主导因子。在此基础上,根据水文地貌结构,水土资源条件等综合因素,确定流域小型农田水利配套方式与布局,以洼地排涝解决内涝保护基本农田为核心,提水解决水资源短缺为重点;通过配套供水管网,田间道路,引导发展节水灌溉型早熟蔬菜。2008年工程实施,至2011年流域石漠化面积减少10.2%,强度等级明显降低,中度及以上石漠化面积减少21.23hm2,土壤侵蚀模数由治理前204.45t/(km2.a)降低到156.31t/(km2.a);人均收入提高237.9%,农业产值增产66.7%,在几次重大干旱中,流域水资源均有保障,喀斯特洼地“洼地排涝+提水灌溉”模式有序地推进了流域整体石漠化的治理。
Taking Wangjiazhai Small Watershed in Qingzhen City of Guizhou Province as an example, the 3S technology was used to establish the spatial database of land use and desertification in the study area to find out the land use patterns of different levels of rocky desertification distribution, revealing the contradiction between economy, society and human being Lead to the leading factor of rocky desertification. On this basis, according to the comprehensive factors of hydrology and geomorphology, land and water resources, the mode and layout of water conservancy for small-scale farmland irrigation works are determined. The key point is to solve the problem of waterlogging and waterlogging through waterlogging treatment. Pipe network, field roads, leading the development of water-saving irrigation precocious vegetables. In the implementation of the project in 2008, the area of rocky desertification in the river basin decreased by 10.2% in 2011, the intensity level was obviously reduced, the area of desertification in middle and above areas was reduced by 21.23hm2, and the soil erosion modulus was reduced from 204.45t / (km2.a) before treatment To 156.31t / (km2.a); per capita income increased by 237.9% and agricultural output increased by 66.7%. In several major droughts, the basin water resources are guaranteed. There is a pattern of karst depressions, drainage and pumping in water The orderly advance of the overall management of rocky desertification.