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近代中国社会主义思潮的兴起和传播历来备受研究者重视,但过去的研究偏重于围绕思想精英来梳理史实。在民国思想精英的小世界之外,更为广大的中国社会尤其是知识分子群体是如何认知和接受社会主义的,这样的问题始终未能受到更多关注。其实思想精英之间关于社会主义的争论固然重要,而思想界的中心与边缘对于社会主义在认知上的歧异同样值得注意。本文以著名学者梁启超和地方学者刘咸炘为中心,较为深入地比较分析了分别处于当时思想界中心与边缘的两人对于基尔特社会主义的观念认知及其问题意识所呈现出的微妙歧异,并从思想史的内在理路层面揭示了文化保守主义与基尔特社会主义之间颇富吊诡意味的紧张关系,以重新探究基尔特社会主义思潮在“五四”后期短暂兴衰的思想根源。
The rise and spread of the socialist trend of thought in modern China has always been highly regarded by researchers, but past studies have focused on combing the historical facts around the elite of the mind. Outside the small world of the intellectual elite in the Republic of China, the broader Chinese society, especially the intellectual community, has learned and accepted socialism. Such problems have not been able to receive more attention. In fact, the debate among the elites on the ideology about socialism is of course important. The cognitive and social differences in the center and periphery of the ideological world are also worth noting. Based on the famous scholar Liang Qichao and local scholar Liu Xianpang, this paper comparatively analyzes the subtle discrepancies between the concepts of Kirt socialism and their problem consciousness, which are respectively at the center and the periphery of the thought community at that time. And reveals the tension between the cultural conservatism and Kirt socialism from the inner perspective of the history of thoughts so as to reexamine the ideological roots of the short rise and fall of Kildrean socialism in the late May 4th period.