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新疆冬季严寒,夏季炎热,温差大,雨量少,溼度低,与我国内地的气候差别很大。因而棉虫发生种类和为害情况,多与内地不同。新疆境内,南疆、北疆和吐鲁番盆地三个棉区,也因自然条件不同而各异。 根据作者等1953到1963年调查,全疆为害棉花的害虫已知有40余种,除蟎类3种外,分属7目17科。其中以菸蓟马(Thrips tabaci)、黄地老虎(Euxoa segetum)、棉长管蚜(Acyrthosiphon gossypii)、苜蓿蚜(Aphis medicagenis)、牧草盲蝽象(Lygus pratensis)、红蜘蛛(Tetranychus bimaculatus)、棉铃虫(Heliothis armigera)、榆叶蝉(Empoasca bipunctata)为害最重,而内地发生普遍为害较重的棉红铃虫(Peetinophora gossypiella)、鼎点金钢钻(Earias cupreoviridis)、大卷叶虫(Sylepta derogata)、小造桥虫(Anomis flava)、绿盲蝽象(Lygus lucorum)、二点叶蝉(Chlorita biguttula)、小地老虎(Agrotis ypsilon)、大地老虎(Agrotis tokionis)等均未发现。 防治策略,作者认为以棉田合理规划、进行越冬和早春防治、加强田间管理和田间药剂防治的综合措施为最有效。
Winter in Xinjiang is very cold, hot in summer, large in temperature difference, less in rainfall and low in humidity, which is quite different from the climate in the hinterland of China. Therefore, the occurrence of cotton insects and damage the situation, and more different from the Mainland. In Xinjiang, three cotton areas in the southern, northern and Turpan basins are also different due to different natural conditions. According to the author’s investigation from 1953 to 1963, there are more than 40 species of pests known to damage cotton in Xinjiang. Apart from 3 species of mites, they belong to 7 orders and 17 families. Thrips tabaci, Euxoa segetum, Acyrthosiphon gossypii, Aphis medicagenis, Lygus pratensis, Tetranychus bimaculatus, Heliothis armigera and Empoasca bipunctata were hardest hit, while Peetinophora gossypiella, Earias cupreoviridis, Sylepta derogata, Anomis flava, Lygus lucorum, Chlorita biguttula, Agrotis ypsilon, Agrotis tokionis, etc. were not found. Prevention and cure strategies, the author believes that the rational planning of cotton fields, overwintering and early spring prevention and control, strengthening field management and field agent prevention and treatment of integrated measures for the most effective.