计量资料即量反应资料。要对计量资料进行统计分析,其方法可归纳为两大类,参数统计和非参数统计。参数统计常需要一个总体分布的前提,在临床医学统计中最主要的是要求数据资料的分布情况符合“常态分布”。即一组同质的计量资料虽然有大有小,但中等居多,集中分布在均数附近,特别大或特别小的数据很少。数据的分布可形成一个高峰位于中央(均数所在处),两侧均匀、对称的钟形曲线,即常态曲线(见附图 a)。在很多情况下,一组计量数据的分 Measurement information that is the amount of response data. To carry out statistical analysis of measurement data, the method can be summarized into two categories, parameter statistics and non-parametric statistics. Parameter statistics often require an overall distribution of the premise that in the clinical medical statistics is the most important requirement of data distribution in line with “normal distribution ”. That is, a homogeneous set of metrological data, although large and small, is moderately middle, concentrated in the vicinity of the mean, with very little or very small data. The distribution of the data forms a bell-shaped curve with a peak at the center (where the average is) and a uniform and symmetrical curve on both sides (see Figure a). In many cases, a set of measurement data points