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通过搜集大量文献,系统地总结了地表沉降槽特性参数的取值方法,并以中国20多个城市的地铁工程地表沉降实测资料为背景,基于Peck公式反演分析法,获取了隧道在不同相对埋深H/D、不同地层条件和不同施工方法下的地表最大沉降量S_(max)、沉降槽宽度k、地层损失率V_1等参数的变化规律。研究结果表明,(1)采用Peck法估算地表沉降需要基于大量实测资料和结合地域特性和具体施工方法才能得到比较合理的预测结果,不同地区地铁隧道的相对埋深(H/D)为0.55~4.43,其地表最大沉降量S_(max)为-15~-146.0mm,沉降槽宽度系数k为0.13~1.60,地层损失率V_1为0.06%~6.90%,其中S_(max)和k与H/D呈反相关,V_1受施工工艺和地层条件影响较大;(2)砂性土地层中浅埋暗挖法及其辅助工法的灵活性优于盾构法,黏性土及其互层地层中的盾构法施工在控制地层损失上较浅埋暗挖法要好。
By collecting a large number of documents, the paper systematically summarizes the method of determining the parameters of surface subsidence tank. Taking the ground subsidence survey data of more than 20 cities in China as background, based on the Peck formula inversion analysis, Depth H / D, conditions of different strata and the maximum settlement of land surface S max under different construction methods, the width of settlement trough k, the formation loss rate V_1 and other parameters. The results show that: (1) Peck method is used to estimate surface subsidence. Based on a large amount of measured data and combined with regional characteristics and concrete construction methods, reasonable prediction results can be obtained. The relative depth (H / D) of subway tunnels in different areas is 0.55 ~ 4.43, the maximal settlement of the surface is S-max ranging from -15 to -146.0mm, the width of sedimentation trough coefficient k is from 0.13 to 1.60, and the formation loss rate V_1 is from 0.06% to 6.90% D is inversely related, and V_1 is greatly influenced by the construction technology and formation conditions. (2) The shallow buried tunneling method and its auxiliary method in the sandy soil layer are more flexible than the shield method, cohesive soil and its interbedded strata Shield construction in the control of formation loss shallow excavation method is better.