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目前融雪剂主要有两大类,第一类是氯盐系,通常指氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化镁、氯化钾等,其融雪效果好,原料易得,价格便宜。第二类是非氯盐有机物系,通常指醋酸钙、醋酸镁、醋酸钾和特殊有机物等为主要成分的融雪剂,这类融雪剂冰点高,融雪效果较差,价格昂贵不易推广,只局限于机场、跑道、桥梁等特殊地段使用。随着各地区对环境保护力度的加大,出现混合型融雪剂,其在上述两类融雪原料中添加缓蚀剂,以减小对道路、设施、植被、土壤的侵蚀。利用盐湖提钾后的尾矿氯化镁(MgCl_2·6H_2O)在110℃~127℃干燥后作为融雪原料,研究不同低温段的融冰效果,与传统融雪剂氯化钠的融冰能力进行对比,得到了理想结果,为尾矿氯化镁开辟了新的利用方向。
Currently there are two main categories of deicing salt, the first is the chloride salt system, usually refers to sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, the snowmelt effect is good, raw materials readily available, the price is cheap. The second category is the non-chloride organic matter system, usually refers to calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, potassium acetate and special organic compounds as the main components of deicing salt, such deicing salt freezing point, poor snowmelt effect, expensive not easy to promote, is limited to Airport, runways, bridges and other special areas to use. With the intensification of environmental protection in various regions, a mixed type deicing salt agent appears, adding a corrosion inhibitor to the two types of raw materials for melting snow in order to reduce the erosion of roads, facilities, vegetation and soil. After the magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O) tailings extracted from salt lake was dried at 110 ℃ ~ 127 ℃, the ice melting effect at different low temperature was studied and compared with the ice melting ability of traditional deicing salt sodium chloride. The ideal result opens up a new direction for the tailing magnesium chloride.