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晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)是中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶来源的氯氧化剂次氯酸作用于蛋白质而形成的蛋白质氧化交联产物。AOPP通过选择性氨基酸残基的修饰、某些特异性氨基酸含量的改变、双酪氨酸、蛋白羰基和戊糖素的形成等,对细胞和组织产生广泛的作用,包括由于蛋白质生化和结构改变导致的生物功能受损或丧失、通过对炎症细胞的活化和与受体相互作用对细胞信号通路的激活而产生促炎症作用等。AOPP与DN关系密切,通过对糖尿病动物还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶的激活,导致氧化应激和炎症因子的释放,引起肾小球肥大和蛋白尿产生。AOPP通过氧化应激对足细胞的促凋亡和对肾小管上皮细胞的促炎症和纤维化反应的作用,可能是其参与DN发生和发展的重要机制。
The late oxidized protein product (AOPP) is a protein oxidative cross-linked product of the hypochlorite, a chloride oxidant derived from neutrophilic myeloperoxidase, that acts on proteins. AOPP has a wide range of effects on cells and tissues through the modification of selective amino acid residues, changes in the content of certain specific amino acids, the formation of bis-tyrosine, protein carbonyls and pentosidases, including changes due to protein biochemical and structural changes Resulting in loss or loss of biological function, through the activation of inflammatory cells and receptor interaction with the activation of cell signaling pathway to produce pro-inflammatory effects and so on. AOPP and DN are closely related, through the reduction of diabetic animal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation, leading to the release of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, causing glomerular hypertrophy and proteinuria. The role of AOPP in promoting apoptosis of podocytes and proinflammatory and fibrotic responses to renal tubular epithelial cells through oxidative stress may be an important mechanism involved in the occurrence and development of DN.