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本文对稀土在铁铬铝合金中的作用机理从热力学和动力学两方面进行了研究,证实了稀土在合金中以稀土夹杂、金属间化合物和固溶稀土三种形式存在。稀土在不同工艺冶炼的铁铬铝合金中的物相分配不同。讨论了稀土的脱氧、脱硫、抑制晶粒长大、净化晶界和基体,以及对氧化铝夹杂的变质作用。通过动力学试验和氧化膜分析得到,稀土改变了氧化膜的组成和结构,增加了氧化膜的粘附性、提高了合金的抗氧化性和高温寿命。提出了几种主要的铁铬铝合金冶炼工艺的稀土最佳加入量。
In this paper, the mechanism of action of rare earth in Fe-Cr-Al alloy was studied from two aspects of thermodynamics and kinetics. It is proved that rare earth exists in the form of rare earth inclusions, intermetallic compounds and rare earth elements. The phase distribution of rare earth in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy smelted in different processes is different. The rare earth deoxidation, desulfurization, the inhibition of grain growth, the purification of grain boundaries and matrix, and the metamorphism of alumina inclusions were discussed. Through the kinetic test and the analysis of the oxide film, the rare earth changes the composition and structure of the oxide film, increases the adhesion of the oxide film, and improves the oxidation resistance and the high-temperature life of the alloy. Proposed several major iron-chromium aluminum alloy smelting process of rare earth best addition.