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目的:了解本院恶性肿瘤患者下呼吸道感染病原菌群的分布及其耐药性。方法:菌株鉴定使用法国梅里埃ATB系统分析仪,用纸片扩散法做药敏试验。结果:140例患者痰标本分离172株菌中,革兰阴性菌121株,占70.3%,革兰阳性菌36株,占20.9%,真菌15株(8.8%)。革兰阴性菌株对第一、二代头孢菌素,氨苄西林等有较高耐药性,对三代头孢、头孢西丁、亚胺培南、美洛培南相对较为敏感。革兰阳性菌对红霉素、青霉素G等有较高耐药性,对力奈唑烷、呋喃妥因、万古霉素敏感。结论:对恶性肿瘤患者下呼吸道感染痰标本细菌的监测,指导临床合理用药具有重要作用。
Objective: To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in patients with malignant tumors in our hospital. Methods: The strains were identified using the French Merier ATB system analyzer, disk diffusion method to do drug susceptibility testing. Results: Among the 172 strains isolated from sputum of 140 patients, 121 strains were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 70.3%, 36 Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 20.9% and 15 fungi (8.8%). Gram-negative strains of the first and second-generation cephalosporins, such as ampicillin have high resistance to the third generation of cephalosporins, cefoxitin, imipenem, meropenem relatively more sensitive. Gram-positive bacteria have higher resistance to erythromycin, penicillin G, etc., sensitive to linezolid, nitrofurantoin, vancomycin. Conclusion: It is important to monitor the bacteria in the sputum of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with malignant tumors and guide clinical rational use of drugs.