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为深入研究和开发利用菱角提供科学依据,笔者查阅了10年来关于菱角化学成分和药效活性的研究文献,对菱角的主要化学成分、药效活性进行了系统的总结。目前已知菱角含有甾醇类(如β-谷甾醇)、多酚类(如没食子酸)、挥发油、黄酮类、生物碱类、脂类、蛋白质、多糖等化学成分。菱角具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化和神经保护、镇痛等药效活性。作为一种药食两用的植物,它具有广阔的开发应用前景。
In order to provide scientific basis for further research and exploitation of water chestnut, the author consulted the research literature about the chemical composition and pharmacodynamics of water chestnut in the past 10 years, and summarized the main chemical components and pharmacodynamic activities of water chestnut. It is known that water chestnut contains chemical components such as sterols (such as β-sitosterol), polyphenols (such as gallic acid), volatile oil, flavonoids, alkaloids, lipids, proteins and polysaccharides. Water chestnut with anti-tumor, anti-oxidation and neuroprotection, analgesic and other pharmacodynamic activity. As a kind of edible plant, it has a broad prospect of development and application.