论文部分内容阅读
近30年来,国内癌症的发病率和死亡率都呈明显上升的趋势。在城镇居民中,癌症已经成为死因的首位。随着我国人口老龄化及生态环境、生活方式的改变,预计在未来的20～30年中,我国癌症的发病率和死亡率将持续上升。目前,我国癌症的发病率每年递增2.5%,死亡率每年递增1.8%;农村的上升速度明显高于城市。与此同时,国内高发癌症的排名也出现了明显变化。20世纪七、八十年代主要癌症的排序是胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、肺癌和宫颈癌,目前已经演变为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌和结、直肠癌。其中,占男性发病率前三位的为肺癌、肝癌和胃癌,女性发病率前三位的为乳腺癌、肺癌和肝癌。
In the past 30 years, the incidence and mortality of domestic cancers have shown a clear upward trend. Among urban residents, cancer has become the leading cause of death. With the aging of China’s population, changes in the ecological environment, and lifestyle, it is expected that in the next 20 to 30 years, the incidence and mortality of cancer in China will continue to rise. At present, the incidence of cancer in our country increases by 2.5% every year, and the mortality rate increases by 1.8% every year; the rate of increase in rural areas is significantly higher than that of cities. At the same time, the ranks of high-risk cancers in the country have also changed significantly. The order of the major cancers in the 1970s and 1980s was gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer. It has now evolved into lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and colorectal cancer. Among them, the top three male morbidity rates are lung cancer, liver cancer, and gastric cancer. The top three female morbidity rates are breast cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer.