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近20多年来,苏联卫生保健事业面临的财政经济问题越来越突出。以前,苏联在国民收入不高的条件下,通过采取一系列社会卫生措施,对流行病、寄生虫病等社会危险性较大的疾病进行了有效的防治,使人口平均寿命延长,居民健康指标有了很大提高,并成为许多国家效仿的榜样。但是,目前的疾病谱发生了转变,病因基本上是由遗传因素、不良的生活习惯、营养失衡以及不良生态环境造成,从而不断对发病率、死亡率发生威胁,影响平均期望寿命。因此要采取新措施有计划地组织和协调医疗保健工作,促进居民的健康。
In the past more than 20 years, the financial and economic problems faced by the Soviet health care industry have become increasingly prominent. In the past, under conditions of low national income, the Soviet Union adopted a series of social health measures to effectively prevent epidemics, parasitic diseases and other socially dangerous diseases, so that the average life expectancy of the population was extended, and the residents’ health indicators were extended. It has been greatly improved and has become a model for many countries to follow. However, the current spectrum of diseases has changed, and the causes are basically caused by genetic factors, poor living habits, nutritional imbalances, and adverse ecological environments, which continue to threaten morbidity and mortality and affect the average life expectancy. Therefore, new measures should be adopted to organize and coordinate health care work in a planned manner and promote the health of residents.