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由于社会变迁的影响,不同年代和地域出生的人群可能存在健康差异,包括作为健康重要测量指标的血压水平的差异。本研究基于中国健康与营养调查1991-2011年跟踪数据,以1931-1980年间出生人口为研究对象,分别以收缩压和舒张压水平为测量指标,通过分层增长曲线模型进行分析。研究结果显示:(1)总体上,按样本平均年龄标准估计,年轻出生队列人群的血压水平高于年长出生队列人群,但在北方女性中,收缩压的估计值随出生队列变更呈倒“U型”分布;(2)血压水平随年龄增长而上升,但年长出生队列人群的血压年龄增长率估计值高于年轻出生队列人群;(3)总体上,年轻出生队列中的南北方人群平均年龄标准时的血压估计值差异小于年长出生队列中的,只在男性舒张压方面发现年轻出生队列中的南北方人群血压估计值差异大于年长出生队列中的。相对于传统流行病学研究,本研究结果有助于揭示我国人口心血管健康随出生队列推移的内在变动趋势,为我国不同地域人群的高血压等心血管疾病的防治提供实证参考。
Due to the impact of social changes, there may be health differences among people of different birthdays and geographies, including differences in blood pressure levels as an important measure of health. Based on the tracking data of China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2011, this study took the birth population from 1931 to 1980 as the research object. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were taken as the measurement indexes respectively and the stratification growth curve model was used to analyze the data. The results showed that: (1) In general, the average age of the sample was estimated that the blood pressure of young birth cohorts was higher than that of older birth cohorts. However, in northern women, the estimated systolic blood pressure was inverse with birth cohort, U-shaped "distribution; (2) blood pressure levels rise with age, but the estimated age of blood pressure in older birth cohort is higher than that of young birth cohorts; (3) In general, The difference between the mean age-standardized blood pressure estimates of the square population was less than that of the older birth cohort, and only the difference in the estimated blood pressure between the northern and southern populations in the younger birth cohorts was found to be greater in men than in the older birth cohorts. Compared with traditional epidemiological studies, the results of this study are helpful to reveal the internal changes of cardiovascular health in China with the birth cohort, and provide empirical evidence for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension in different regions of China.