新疆是一个多民族的社会，其多元文化格局的形成，是在历史长河中许多族群互相交流、文化相互碰撞、互相吸收的过程中交融而产生、发展起来的，因此，只有通过田野调查，获得了足够的本土知识，才能在这个基础上做实证性的研究，这样一种跨文化的研究本身就具有本土化的特征。新疆人类学本土化一个重要问题即是如何认识和解释新疆的多元文化现象，然后让学术研究为西部大开发服务。 Xinjiang is a multi-ethnic society. The formation of its multi-cultural pattern is created and developed through the integration of many ethnic groups in the long history of mutual exchange, cultural collision and mutual absorption. Therefore, only through field investigation, Enough indigenous knowledge to do empirical research on this basis, such a cross-cultural research itself has the characteristics of localization. An Important Problem of Localization of Anthropology in Xinjiang Is How to Understand and Explain the Multi-cultural Phenomenon in Xinjiang and Give Academic Research to Serve the Development of Western China.