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目的探讨在模拟高原环境中,急性低氧暴露大鼠脑组织的病理学改变及IL-6、TNF-α的表达变化。方法SD大鼠50只雌雄各半,实验分5组。分别是常压对照组,急性低压低氧暴露1 d组、2 d组、3 d组以及7 d组,暴露后测定大鼠脑干湿重比,脑组织中TNF-α、IL-6含量及病理学改变。结果与正常对照组相比,暴露1 d组、2 d组、3 d组大鼠脑干湿重比、脑组织中IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.05)。暴露7 d组脑组织含水量、脑组织中IL-6、TNF-α均显著低于暴露3 d组(P<0.05)。病理结果显示正常对照组脑组织细胞形态结构及组织间隙正常,暴露3 d组脑组织分子层、锥体细胞周围、血管周围、脉络丛以及脑膜下水肿,暴露7 d组脑组织分子层水肿较3 d组减轻。结论在模拟海拔5 km低压低氧环境中,SD大鼠的脑组织的病理学改变以及干湿重比、TNF-α、IL-6因子含量均在3 d时显著改变和升高,但随着暴露时间的延长,损伤程度有所降低,这和平原人群进入高原后所产生的低氧习服机制相同。故该研究所选择观察的SD大鼠脑组织的形态学改变以及检测脑组织中TNF-α、IL-6含量改变可作为急性高原病模型是否成模的判定指标。
Objective To investigate the pathological changes and the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain tissue of rats exposed to acute hypoxia in a simulated altitude environment. Methods Fifty male and female SD rats were divided into five groups. The rats were randomly divided into normal pressure control group, acute hypobaric hypoxia exposure 1 d group, 2 d group, 3 d group and 7 d group. The wet weight ratio of brain stem, TNF-α, IL-6 in brain tissue And pathological changes. Results Compared with the normal control group, the wet weight ratio of brain stem and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain tissue of rats exposed to 1 d, 2 d and 3 d were significantly increased (P <0.05). The brain water content, IL-6 and TNF-α in the brain tissue of the 7th day after exposure were significantly lower than those of the 3rd day of exposure (P <0.05). Pathological results showed that normal control group had normal morphological structure and normal interstitial space. After exposure for 3 days, molecular layer, pyramidal cells, perivascular, choroid plexus, 3 d group to reduce. Conclusion The pathological changes, as well as the ratio of dry weight to wet weight, TNF-α and IL-6 in brain tissue of SD rats were significantly changed and increased at 3 days after simulating hypobaric hypoxia environment at 5 km above sea level With exposure time prolonged, the degree of lesion decreased, which was the same as hypoxia acclimation mechanism after plain people entered the plateau. Therefore, the morphological changes of brain tissue of SD rats selected by the institute and the change of the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in the brain tissue can be used as the judgment indicators of whether the acute altitude sickness model is established.