文章通过对世界反垄断历史经验的考察，在阐释我国垄断现象（特别是行政垄断）的基础上，论述了我国制定反垄断法的必要性和紧迫性。同时，文章就垄断与竞争的关系进行了探讨，指出了我国反垄断立法的主要任务。值得注意的是，文章还着重指出了国家允许的专营垄断中亦存在反垄断的问题。 On the basis of expatiating the phenomenon of monopolization in our country (especially the administrative monopoly), the article expounds the necessity and urgency of our country’s enactment of antitrust law through the investigation of the historical experience of antitrust in the world. At the same time, the article discusses the relationship between monopolization and competition, and points out the main task of antitrust legislation in our country. It is noteworthy that the article also highlights the antitrust issues that exist in the monopoly of monopoly permitted by the state.