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中国的体育竞技在社会达尔文主义以及特殊社会环境的影响下,成为展示民族形象的平台,被赋予强烈的政治期待,导致“金牌意识”的产生,并造成我国体育事业的畸形发展。通过梳理社会达尔文主义在晚清、民国时期和建国后三个阶段对中国体育竞技的影响,归纳了现今中国体育竞技的特点:举国体制金牌多,忽视全民运动的重要性;民族主义强烈,体育精神难以发扬;金牌意识至上,运动员缺乏公平竞争意识。
Under the influence of social Darwinism and special social environment, China’s sports competition has become a platform for displaying the national image. It has been given a strong political expectation, resulting in the emergence of “gold medal awareness” and the abnormal development of China’s sports industry. By combing the influence of social Darwinism on Chinese sports competition in the three stages of late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and the founding of New China, this paper summarizes the characteristics of current Chinese sports competition: the large number of gold medals in the whole country, ignoring the importance of the national movement; the strong nationalism, sports The spirit is difficult to carry forward; the awareness of the gold medal, athletes lack of awareness of fair competition.