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利用DEFORM软件定量描述了U75V钢轨轧后不同冷却过程中弯曲变形的演变规律。结果表明:钢轨冷却过程中弯曲变形不仅受热应力和相变应力作用,而且还受钢轨不同部位冷速不同、相变进行程度不同的影响。钢轨空冷过程最终弯曲变形量为0.0913 mm,换算成百米重轨为1.01 m,弯向轨头方向;而以轨头15℃/s,轨底6℃/s冷速水冷方式冷却时,钢轨最终弯曲变形量为-0.044 mm,换算成百米重轨为-0.441 m,弯向轨底方向。可见通过控制钢轨不同部位冷速,可使其弯曲变形程度较空冷的小。
DEFORM software was used to quantitatively describe the evolution of the bending deformation during U75V rail rolling. The results show that the bending deformation in the process of rail cooling is not only affected by thermal stress and phase transformation stress, but also influenced by different cooling rates in different parts of the rail and the degree of phase transition. The final bending deformation of the rail air cooling process is 0.0913 mm, converted into a hundred meters heavy rail is 1.01 m, bent to the rail head direction; while rail 15 ℃ / s, rail bottom 6 ℃ / s cooling water cooling, rail The final bending deformation is -0.044 mm, converted to a hundred meters of heavy rail is -0.441 m, curved to the end of the rail. Can be seen through the control of different parts of the cold rail, can make the degree of bending deformation is less than the air-cooled.