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通过对我国612名大学生田径运动员应激感受状态的调查研究,构建包含身体、学习、家庭、就业、社会和性6个维度(30子项)的应激源量表。结合马腾斯(R.Martens)1990年编制的《运动竞赛状态焦虑量表》共同对被试施测,统计分析结果显示:大学生运动员最主要的应激源是就业问题和学习问题;性别差异,运动水平、文化程度的不同均出现应激感受的显著差异;应激和认知焦虑有显著相关,学习问题是造成大学生运动员认知焦虑的主要影响因素。大学生运动员群体的压力舒缓应该引起教育部门的充分重视。
Through the investigation and research on the stress state of 612 college track and field athletes in our country, a stressor scale including 6 dimensions (30 sub-items) of body, study, family, employment, society and sex was constructed. According to the “Athletic Contest State Anxiety Scale” compiled by R. Martens in 1990, the results of the statistical analysis showed that the main stressors of college athletes were employment problems and learning problems. The gender differences , Exercise level and education level all showed significant differences in stress perception. There was a significant correlation between stress and cognitive anxiety. Learning problems were the main influencing factors of college students athletes’ cognitive anxiety. The pressure relief of college student athletes should give full consideration to the education department.