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为了解2008—2010年青海省尘肺发病情况,为防治尘肺病提供科学依据。依据青海省尘肺病报告卡片及健康危害因素网络直报资料进行汇总分析。结果显示,2008—2010年共报告尘肺新病例229例,病种以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主,占87.8%;发病患者男性高于女性(27.65∶1);工种以矿山主要工种为主,1990年及以后开始接尘的患者发病率居首,为130例,占56.8%。实际接尘工龄以<5a最多,共122例,占53.3%。行业以煤炭、有色金属、电力行业患者最多,占新发尘肺病的47.2%。西宁、海东、海西3个地区患者人数占全省新发病病例的97.0%。提示,该省应加强对各种小型企业的监督执法力度,提高监护覆盖率。加大防治尘肺病的宣传力度,提高劳动者的自我防护意识,保护广大劳动者尤其是农民工身体健康。
In order to understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Qinghai Province from 2008 to 2010, provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. According to Qinghai Province, pneumoconiosis report card and health hazards network direct report data summary analysis. The results showed that a total of 229 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported from 2008 to 2010. The main diseases were silicosis and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, accounting for 87.8%. The incidence of male patients was higher than that of female (27.65:1) The incidence of patients who started to catch the dust in 1990 and beyond was the highest, 130 cases (56.8%). The actual service life of dust <5a up to a total of 122 cases, accounting for 53.3%. The industry with coal, non-ferrous metals, power industry, the largest number of patients, accounting for 47.2% of new onset of pneumoconiosis. The number of patients in Xining, Haidong and Hercynian counties accounted for 97.0% of the new cases in the province. Prompted that the province should strengthen supervision and law enforcement of all kinds of small businesses, improve guardianship coverage. We will step up publicity on pneumoconiosis prevention and control to raise awareness of workers’ self-protection and protect the general health of workers, especially migrant workers.