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为预防地铁施工安全事故,考虑地铁施工的复杂特征,采用理论分析和实践调研相结合的方式,研究地铁施工工人不安全行为的形成机制和影响因子。首先,基于行为主义、认知、行为约束力等理论,分析其形成机制;然后,结合问卷调查,利用探索性因子分析法(EFA)简化样本数据,并进行降维;最后,利用结构方程模型(SEM)探究各影响因子与地铁施工工人不安全行为的因果路径关系。结果表明:地铁施工工人不安全行为的产生是刺激因子和约束因子相互作用的结果;工作环境和心理状态对其影响强度最大,经验和技能对其影响强度最小。
In order to prevent the subway construction safety accidents, considering the complicated features of the subway construction, the formation mechanism and influence factors of unsafe behavior of the subway construction workers are studied through the combination of theoretical analysis and practical investigation. First, based on the theory of behaviorism, cognition and behavioral restraint, the formation mechanism is analyzed. Then, the questionnaire is used to simplify the sample data with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and to reduce the dimension. Finally, the structural equation model (SEM) to explore the causal path relationship between various influencing factors and unsafe behavior of subway construction workers. The results show that the unsafe behavior of subway construction workers is the result of the interaction between stimulus and constraint factors. The working environment and mental state have the greatest influence on them, and the experience and skills have the least influence on them.