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敦煌位于甘肃、青海、新疆的交汇点,南枕祁连山,西接塔克拉玛干大沙漠,北靠北塞山,东峙三危山。敦煌曾是古丝绸之路上的一个咽喉要地,在河西走廊的西端,为一面积不大的绿洲,四面戈壁、沙漠环绕。魏书《释老志》说,“敦煌地接西域,道俗交得其旧式,村坞相属,多有塔寺。”可见西域的文化对敦煌的影响很大。一千多年前,佛教在西域诸国很盛行,建塔造寺、开窟筑像的佛教艺术也随之传入敦煌,与中原古老的半神文化交汇、融合,产生出辉煌的敦煌石窟艺术。
Dunhuang is located in the intersection of Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang. It is surrounded by the Qilian Mountains in the south and the Taklamakan Desert to the west and Beisishan and Dongzhi in the north. Dunhuang was once a throat to the ancient Silk Road. At the western end of the Hexi Corridor, Dunhuang is a small oasis surrounded by deserts and surrounded by deserts. Wei Shu “said Lao Chi,” said: “Dunhuang to the Western Regions, customs and customs to pay their old-style, village dock affiliation, more than a temple.” Visible Western culture has a great impact on Dunhuang. More than a thousand years ago, Buddhism was very popular in the Western Regions. Buddhism was also built in the Western Regions. Buddhism art, such as building temples and opening up statues, was also introduced to Dunhuang. At the intersection with the ancient semi-divine culture in the Central Plains, the Buddhist monasteries created brilliant Dunhuang Grottoes art.