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美国人类学家摩尔根的人类学巨著《古代社会》是一本影响至深至远的经典之作,作者在该书中力图考证早期人类的氏族社会中存在着民主的传统,并以所有民族并无优劣之分的前提向读者说明:人类的各种主要制度特别是宪政文化中的民主精神来源于氏族社会,并一脉相承有迹可寻地延续了下来。然而事实是东西方两种文明以几乎截然不同甚至相反的途径发展下来而形成了两种差别很大的文明形态。在摩尔根的书中谈到即将跨入文明社会的高级野蛮社会时,古希腊与古罗马成为了唯一被选择的例证,对于东方各民族的发展轨迹摩尔根却涉及甚少,东方文明中的君主专制体制沿续千年的事实在文中也找不到任何解释,这是一个令人存疑的问题。
The anthropology of the American anthropologist Morgan Anthropology “Ancient Society” is a classic book of profound and far-reaching impact in which the author tries to prove that there is a tradition of democracy in the clan society of early humans and that all ethnic groups No advantage or disadvantage of the premise to the reader that: the various major human systems, especially in the constitutional culture of the spirit of democracy derived from the clan society, and survived the same strain traceable. However, the fact is that the two civilizations of the East and the West have developed in two very different civilizations in almost completely different ways. In Morgan’s book, when it comes to the advanced brutal society that is about to enter civilized society, ancient Greece and Rome became the only examples that were chosen. There was very little involvement in the development path of the various ethnic groups in the country, Morgan, and in Eastern civilization The fact that the autocratic monarchy continued for a thousand years can not find any explanation in the text. This is a dubious issue.