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目的了解武汉市上岗前新工人的血铅水平和分布特征。方法采集上岗前职业健康检查血铅样品共计1 004份,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果 25.2%的工人血铅未检出。血铅值<100μg/L的工人占总人数的91.4%,血铅值<300μg/L的工人超过总人数的99%。岗前工人血铅为<10.6~464.30μg/L(参考值为≤134.02μg/L)。男女工人血铅分别为<10.6~464.30μg/L、<10.6~410.10μg/L(参考值分别为≤138.65μg/L、≤95.57μg/L)。男女的血铅值存在明显差异,男子的血铅值要高于妇女。不同年龄段血铅值间均存在明显的差异,男性工人以30岁组血铅值最高,女性工人以<20岁组血铅值最高。结论武汉市上岗前工人的血铅水平绝大多数低于观察对象(≥400μg/L)的血铅水平。
Objective To understand the blood lead levels and distribution characteristics of new workers in Wuhan. Methods A total of 1 004 blood lead samples were collected before occupational health examination. The samples were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and the results were statistically analyzed. Results 25.2% of the workers did not detect blood lead. Workers with blood lead levels <100 μg / L account for 91.4% of the total population and those with blood lead levels <300 μg / L account for more than 99% of the total population. Pre-job workers blood lead <10.6 ~ 464.30μg / L (reference value is ≤ 134.02μg / L). Male and female workers, blood lead were <10.6 ~ 464.30μg / L, <10.6 ~ 410.10μg / L (reference values were ≤ 138.65μg / L, ≤ 95.57μg / L). Men and women have significant differences in blood lead values, and men’s blood lead values are higher than those in women. There were significant differences in blood lead levels among different age groups. Male workers had the highest blood lead level at 30 years of age and female workers at <20 years of age had the highest levels of blood lead. Conclusion Most of the blood lead levels in pre-job workers in Wuhan were lower than the blood lead level of the observed subjects (≥400 μg / L).