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目的 了解贵阳市麻风流行状况及不同人群麻风核心知识的知晓率现状,为制定麻风防控措施提供依据.方法 对贵阳市2009-2014年新发现麻风病例进行分析;于2014年5月-9月对贵阳市城镇居民、农村居民、初高中学生、麻风病密切接触者四类人群分别采用多阶段抽样的方法开展麻风核心知识知晓率问卷,将调查结果与疫情分析结果对照分析.结果 2009-2014年共新发麻风80例,男女比2.48:1,以青壮年为主,发病率为0.17 ～0.46/10万,平均发病率0.30/10万;平均延迟期29.64个月;平均Ⅱ级畸残率33.75％;发现方式以门诊发现和线索为主,占60.00％.近几年来麻风新发病例中以农民居多,但农村居民麻风知晓率较低,为38.36％;四类人群麻风知识总体知晓率为43.04％,知晓率最高的是麻风病密切接触者,为74.57％;四类人群的麻风知晓率差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.001).结论 贵阳市麻风总体流行趋势稳定,但麻风知识知晓率普遍偏低,与国家规划目标还有较大的差距,防控形势依然严峻.“,”Objective To understand the epidemic status of leprosy and the awareness of core knowledge of leprosy among different populations in Guiyang city and to provide scientific basis for better control of leprosy.Methods New leprosy patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2014 were analyzed.The city residents, rural residents, middle and high school students , leprosy contacts in Guiyang were surveyed through stage sampling on the awareness of core leprosy knowledge by questionnaire from May to September 2014.We conducted the analysis between the epidemic results and the survey results.Results From 2009 to 2014, 80 new leprosy cases were identified in Guiyang.The male to female ratio was 2.48: 1, mainly young adults, the morbidity was 0.17 ～0.46/100 000, the average morbidity was 0.30/100 000, the average period of delay was 29.64 months, the average disabilities grade Ⅱ was 33.75％, and mainly found by skin department and the clue investigation (60.00％).Majority were farmers and the awareness rate of rural residents was low.The general awareness rate of core leprosy knowledge was 43.04％.The highest rate was 74.57％ among leprosy contacts.Statistical analysis showed that there were differences between the four groups (P ＜0.001).Conclusion The epidemic trend of leprosy is stable, but the leprosy knowledge rate is generally low.Still a big gap to meet the national objective.The prevention and control of the situation are still grim.