论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨三峡建坝后库区生态环境改变对钉螺在库区生长、繁殖的可能性。方法收集并利用三峡库区有关生态环境及血吸虫病相关研究资料,开展实验室和现场模拟环境钉螺生存繁殖实验及库区现场调查。结果实验室结果表明,模拟的库区土壤环境适宜钉螺生存,且有幼螺孵出,但较现场存活率为低。现场模拟试验结果显示,钉螺存活率宜昌比万州和江津的观测点相对较低(P均<0.05)。土壤湿度与钉螺存活率存在相关性(r=0.3712,P=0.002),土壤pH值、有机质等指标都对钉螺孳生有一定影响。结论在库区模拟的灌溉沟渠和淤积洲滩环境条件下,钉螺可以生存繁殖。应加强对库区潜在钉螺孳生环境的监测,以防钉螺向库区扩散。
Objective To explore the possibility of changing snail ecology in the reservoir area after the Three Gorges Dam construction. Methods Collecting and using the related research data about ecological environment and schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, carrying out experiments on survival and reproduction of Oncomelania snails in laboratory and on-site simulated environment and on-site investigation in the reservoir area. Results The laboratory results showed that the simulated soil environment in the reservoir area was suitable for snail survival and hatching, but the survival rate was lower than that in the field. The field simulation test results showed that the survival rate of snail was relatively lower than that of Wanzhou and Jiangjin (all P <0.05). There was a correlation between soil moisture and snail survival rate (r = 0.3712, P = 0.002). Soil pH, organic matter and other indicators all had certain influence on snail breeding. CONCLUSIONS Oncomelania can survive and reproduce under the conditions of irrigation canals and silting beaches simulated in the reservoir area. The monitoring of the potential snail breeding environment in the reservoir area should be strengthened to prevent the snail from spreading to the reservoir area.