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肌肉骨骼疾患(MSDs)作为一种慢性非致死性疾病,是农业从业人员中最常见的疾病之一。本文综述了农业生产中能降低从业人员肌肉骨骼疾患的简易低成本工效学干预措施。低成本工效学干预措施主要减少已知危险因素的暴露,包括工程干预、管理干预和个体/行为干预。尽管一些干预措施能在很大程度上改善不良工作姿势并提高生产效率,但仍有一些不足。有效的工效学干预需要对工效学设施的实用性进行深入探讨,并且需要目标群体的积极参与,新技术的应用也应与当地的社会文化、风俗及教育程度相适应。今后应加强肌肉骨骼疾患干预新技术实用性、经济性等方面的研究,并加强发展中国家与发达国家之间的合作。
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), as a chronic non-fatal disease, are among the most common diseases among agricultural practitioners. This article reviews simple low-cost ergonomic interventions to reduce muscle-skeletal disorders in agricultural production in agriculture. Low-cost ergonomic interventions primarily reduce the exposure of known risk factors, including engineering interventions, management interventions and individual / behavioral interventions. Although some interventions can greatly improve bad working posture and increase production efficiency, there are still some shortcomings. Effective ergonomics interventions require an in-depth discussion of the practicalities of ergonomic facilities and the active participation of target groups. The application of new technologies should also be adapted to the local social culture, customs and education. In the future, we should strengthen the research on the practicability and economy of the new technology of intervention in musculoskeletal disorders and strengthen the cooperation between developing countries and developed countries.